By Mona | 23 August 2022 | 0 Comments
Salt damage solution
Salt damage solution
1. Adjust the application ratio of organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer in the shed field.
Organic fertilizer accounts for 65% of the fertility demand of the crop in the shed field, chemical fertilizer accounts for 30% of the fertility demand, and microbial fertilizer accounts for 5% of the whole fertility period. Organic fertilizer for livestock is replaced by cake organic fertilizer, such as fermented soybean meal, cotton meal, etc. Chemical fertilizers should be based on the physiological needs of different crops and reduce the components containing chlorine and sodium. In addition, the correct choice of fertilizer types and fertilization methods, as far as possible to apply fertilizers without negative components, such as urea, potassium nitrate, calcium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, etc.. Using formula fertilizer and supplying as needed can significantly reduce the residual accumulation of salt in the soil. Extend the service life of soil in greenhouse.
2. Increase the application of organic fertilizers
Increase the application of organic fertilizers to improve the soil structure and enhance soil fertility. It is recommended to increase the amount of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer. And apply a certain amount of biological fertilizer, combined with deep tilling of the ground, can improve the soil structure, improve soil permeability, activate the soil, improve the ground temperature, is conducive to vegetable crops lateral root extension, increase the ability of the root system to absorb water and nutrients, improve their own salt resistance. Because of the increased application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer application can be properly reduced, which not only improves the soil organic matter content, but also reduces the accumulation of salt residues in the soil. Special note: organic farm fertilizer must be composted for 3-4 months and fully rotted before application in the solarium. Supplementary bacterial fertilizer. Biological fertilizer is rich in a large number of soil beneficial bacteria, in addition to the "bacteria to bacteria" to prevent soil-borne diseases, biological fertilizer in the beneficial bacteria can also play a nitrogen fixation, phosphorus, potassium and other soil fertilization, reduce the role of salt damage, bacterial fertilizer application methods are more, can be spread, cave application, wash application.
3. Extend the natural rainfall drenching time.
It is recommended that in late June to the end of September, as early as possible to remove the top of the greenhouse film, so that the natural rainfall in the rainy season fully drench the soil, reducing the concentration of salt in the soil layer.
4. Biological salinity removal.
Tests have proved that planting Sudan grass can absorb the excess salt of the soil, is currently one of the better ways to solve the secondary salinity of the soil in the greenhouse. In addition, corn also has a good effect of salt removal.
5. Salt resistance exercise.
Improve the salt tolerance of vegetables. After the seeds absorb water and swell before sowing, soak the seeds with 0.6% salt water solution for 6-12 hours, which can significantly improve their salt tolerance. Seedlings whose stress tolerance is the worst, spray 50 mg / kg of gibberellin, can stimulate the growth of vegetables, dilute its body salt concentration, enhance its ability to tolerate salt.
6. Ground cover.
In the production season, the use of ground cover film watering under the film to reduce the evaporation rate of the soil surface, thereby slowing down the rate of rise of salt in the deep soil.
7. Select salt-resistant vegetables.
Production practice shows. Different kinds of vegetables root tolerance to soil salt concentration is different, eggplant salt resistance is stronger, followed by tomatoes, peppers, and again for zucchini, cucumbers. Such as cucumber Jin You No. 1; cucumber big yellow skin, black mesh; cherry tomatoes; zucchini's winter nursery; watermelon's big black skin, etc..
8. Deep soil turning.
Salt damage occurs seriously in the soil layer, mostly manifested as slab, poor permeability and other characteristics, production, by deep turning the soil, breaking the soil structure, can significantly improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In addition, deep tilling soil can also break the "plow bottom layer" formed by the perennial use of rototillers. It is recommended that the soil deep turn best combined with the rotary tiller hit the ground together, deep turn depth should be more than 35 cm is appropriate.
9. To water pressure salt.
As the saying goes, "salt goes with the water", so we can through the measure of large water irrigation, water pressure salt, through the soil capillaries, the high concentration of salt ions in the tillage layer "away". It is recommended that the method can be combined with vegetable plucking garden, high-temperature stifling together, that is, first hit the ground once, and then large irrigation, stifling, should be in more than half a month.
10. Straw back to the field.
Crop straw in the direct return to the field, in the process of its decomposition, can be adsorbed, the use of soil mineral elements, while the crop back to the field and increase the soil organic matter, improve the soil permeability (carbon dioxide concentration increased), the promotion of soil beneficial microorganisms, can be said to kill many birds with one stone. Straw reaction pile use method: in the crop planting rows, digging 50 cm down, filled with corn straw and other materials, and sprayed with fast maturing agent fertilizer high or bacteria to raise more, etc., and then mulch buried, and irrigated with a certain amount of water, a week later can be planted vegetables.
General urea per mu each time not more than 10kg, ammonium sulfate per mu not more than 20kg, pay attention to the appropriate watering after application, keep the soil moist, reduce the concentration of soil solution, conducive to fertilizer effect and absorption. Reasonable choice of fertilizer types. Commonly used fertilizer salt-causing ability from high to low order: ammonium chloride > potassium chloride > ammonium nitrate > potassium sulfate > urea > three-dimensional compound fertilizer > binary compound fertilizer. It can be seen that the salinity of chlorinated fertilizers is strong, and special attention should be paid to the application of greenhouse soil, followed by nitrate and sulfate fertilizers.
In general, the crop quality and high yield from the robust growth, robust growth from the strong root system, strong root system from the healthy soil, healthy soil from our usual scientific fertilization and management.
1. Adjust the application ratio of organic fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and microbial fertilizer in the shed field.
Organic fertilizer accounts for 65% of the fertility demand of the crop in the shed field, chemical fertilizer accounts for 30% of the fertility demand, and microbial fertilizer accounts for 5% of the whole fertility period. Organic fertilizer for livestock is replaced by cake organic fertilizer, such as fermented soybean meal, cotton meal, etc. Chemical fertilizers should be based on the physiological needs of different crops and reduce the components containing chlorine and sodium. In addition, the correct choice of fertilizer types and fertilization methods, as far as possible to apply fertilizers without negative components, such as urea, potassium nitrate, calcium phosphate, diammonium phosphate, etc.. Using formula fertilizer and supplying as needed can significantly reduce the residual accumulation of salt in the soil. Extend the service life of soil in greenhouse.
2. Increase the application of organic fertilizers
Increase the application of organic fertilizers to improve the soil structure and enhance soil fertility. It is recommended to increase the amount of organic fertilizer in the base fertilizer. And apply a certain amount of biological fertilizer, combined with deep tilling of the ground, can improve the soil structure, improve soil permeability, activate the soil, improve the ground temperature, is conducive to vegetable crops lateral root extension, increase the ability of the root system to absorb water and nutrients, improve their own salt resistance. Because of the increased application of organic fertilizer and biological fertilizer, the amount of chemical fertilizer application can be properly reduced, which not only improves the soil organic matter content, but also reduces the accumulation of salt residues in the soil. Special note: organic farm fertilizer must be composted for 3-4 months and fully rotted before application in the solarium. Supplementary bacterial fertilizer. Biological fertilizer is rich in a large number of soil beneficial bacteria, in addition to the "bacteria to bacteria" to prevent soil-borne diseases, biological fertilizer in the beneficial bacteria can also play a nitrogen fixation, phosphorus, potassium and other soil fertilization, reduce the role of salt damage, bacterial fertilizer application methods are more, can be spread, cave application, wash application.
3. Extend the natural rainfall drenching time.It is recommended that in late June to the end of September, as early as possible to remove the top of the greenhouse film, so that the natural rainfall in the rainy season fully drench the soil, reducing the concentration of salt in the soil layer.
4. Biological salinity removal.
Tests have proved that planting Sudan grass can absorb the excess salt of the soil, is currently one of the better ways to solve the secondary salinity of the soil in the greenhouse. In addition, corn also has a good effect of salt removal.
5. Salt resistance exercise.
Improve the salt tolerance of vegetables. After the seeds absorb water and swell before sowing, soak the seeds with 0.6% salt water solution for 6-12 hours, which can significantly improve their salt tolerance. Seedlings whose stress tolerance is the worst, spray 50 mg / kg of gibberellin, can stimulate the growth of vegetables, dilute its body salt concentration, enhance its ability to tolerate salt.
6. Ground cover.
In the production season, the use of ground cover film watering under the film to reduce the evaporation rate of the soil surface, thereby slowing down the rate of rise of salt in the deep soil.
7. Select salt-resistant vegetables.
Production practice shows. Different kinds of vegetables root tolerance to soil salt concentration is different, eggplant salt resistance is stronger, followed by tomatoes, peppers, and again for zucchini, cucumbers. Such as cucumber Jin You No. 1; cucumber big yellow skin, black mesh; cherry tomatoes; zucchini's winter nursery; watermelon's big black skin, etc..
8. Deep soil turning.Salt damage occurs seriously in the soil layer, mostly manifested as slab, poor permeability and other characteristics, production, by deep turning the soil, breaking the soil structure, can significantly improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil. In addition, deep tilling soil can also break the "plow bottom layer" formed by the perennial use of rototillers. It is recommended that the soil deep turn best combined with the rotary tiller hit the ground together, deep turn depth should be more than 35 cm is appropriate.
9. To water pressure salt.
As the saying goes, "salt goes with the water", so we can through the measure of large water irrigation, water pressure salt, through the soil capillaries, the high concentration of salt ions in the tillage layer "away". It is recommended that the method can be combined with vegetable plucking garden, high-temperature stifling together, that is, first hit the ground once, and then large irrigation, stifling, should be in more than half a month.
10. Straw back to the field.
Crop straw in the direct return to the field, in the process of its decomposition, can be adsorbed, the use of soil mineral elements, while the crop back to the field and increase the soil organic matter, improve the soil permeability (carbon dioxide concentration increased), the promotion of soil beneficial microorganisms, can be said to kill many birds with one stone. Straw reaction pile use method: in the crop planting rows, digging 50 cm down, filled with corn straw and other materials, and sprayed with fast maturing agent fertilizer high or bacteria to raise more, etc., and then mulch buried, and irrigated with a certain amount of water, a week later can be planted vegetables.
General urea per mu each time not more than 10kg, ammonium sulfate per mu not more than 20kg, pay attention to the appropriate watering after application, keep the soil moist, reduce the concentration of soil solution, conducive to fertilizer effect and absorption. Reasonable choice of fertilizer types. Commonly used fertilizer salt-causing ability from high to low order: ammonium chloride > potassium chloride > ammonium nitrate > potassium sulfate > urea > three-dimensional compound fertilizer > binary compound fertilizer. It can be seen that the salinity of chlorinated fertilizers is strong, and special attention should be paid to the application of greenhouse soil, followed by nitrate and sulfate fertilizers.
In general, the crop quality and high yield from the robust growth, robust growth from the strong root system, strong root system from the healthy soil, healthy soil from our usual scientific fertilization and management.
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